老度 2005-7-6 22:58
圣伯那的标准和历史
圣伯纳犬的标准 13世纪时,圣伯纳犬曾经从事艰巨的山难救援,援救了2500人的生命.现在尽管运输道路已经现代化,
这种救援技能已经不需要了,但该犬仍以聪明,温顺的家庭犬深得好评. 历史:圣伯纳犬因阿尔卑斯山之圣伯纳修道院而得名.公元980年,圣伯纳犬因为守护那些穿越危险的
阿尔卑斯山山道之旅客而闻名.可惜初期的纪事也无法考证.18世纪,修道院的教士们饲养此犬作危险山中
的向导,寻找迷路失踪的人并使之苏醒.圣伯纳犬为短毛品种,为防止近亲繁殖,加入了苏格兰犬的品种,产
生了现在毛茸茸的犬种.被称作"巴里"的圣伯纳犬,曾经救援了40个人的生命,立下了最伟大的功绩,于1814
年去世.
性质:圣伯纳犬是超大型犬,个性十分温顺,容易亲近,对小朋友十分宽容.如给予足够的空间,食物,运动量,
能成为很好的家庭犬. 头部:头盖宽大且圆,额段清楚分明,鼻口部短,厚.平坦的脸颊及长垂得上唇. 耳:大小中等,下垂.
眼:大小中等,古铜色. 鼻:鼻子大,黑色,鼻口非常发达. 身体:胸部厚实且宽,背部力强,向腰部倾斜. 被毛:无论长毛种或短毛种,被毛都丰厚,被毛平躺,颜色有红褐色斑状纹,橙色,或红斑色配头,胸,四肢,尾端的白色,或白底上有各种颜色的斑块. 四肢:前肢直且长,后肢骨骼粗且有力. 足部:非常大,脚尖十分隆起,狼爪应该除掉. 尾:尾长,尾根高.休息时尾巴在下方,活动时往上扬起. 身高:身材巨大
老度 2005-7-6 23:00
圣伯纳犬 AKC 标准
Pronunciation
Saint BernardDescription
The Saint Bernard is a very large, strong, muscular dog, with a powerful head. As long as the weight stays in proportion with the height, the taller the dog the more prized. There are two types of coat: rough, and smooth, but both are very dense and come in white with markings in tan, red, mahogany, brindle, and black - in various combinations. The face and ears are usually shaded with black and the expression is intelligent and gentle. In the rough-coated dogs, the hair is slightly longer and there is feathering on the thighs and legs. The feet are large with strong well-arched toes, making the Saint Bernard's sure-footed in the snow and ice. They have a highly developed sense of smell and also seem to have a sixth sense about impending danger from storms and avalanches.Temperament
They are extremely gentle and friendly and very tolerant of children. The Saint Bernard is slow moving, patient, and obedient. Extremely loyal, this breed wants to please. Since this dog is so giant, be sure to socialize it very well at a young age with other people. It is highly intelligent and easy to train, however training should begin early, while the dog is still a manageable size. Bear in mind that an unruly dog of this size presents a problem for even a strong adult if it is to be exercised in public areas on a leash, so take control from the onset. The Saint Bernard is a good watchdog. Even its size is a good deterrent. They drool after they drink or eat.
Height, Weight
Height: 25.5-27.5 inches ( 61-70 cm.)
Weight: 110-200 pounds (50-91 kg)Health Problems
Good health but some are prone to "wobbler" syndrome, heart problems, skin problems, hip dysplasia, and extropion - a folding outward of the eyelid rim, usually on the lower lid. Twisted stomachs should be watched for. As these dogs are prone to bloat, it is best to feed them two or three small meals a day instead of one large meal.Living Conditions
The Saint Bernard will do okay in an apartment if it is sufficiently exercised. They are relatively inactive indoors and a small yard is sufficient. They can live outdoors, but would much rather be with their family. They have a low tolerance for hot weather, warm rooms, and cars.Exercise
A long walk each day will keep the Saint Bernard in good condition. Puppies should not have too much exercise at one time until their bones are well formed and strong. Short walks and brief play sessions are best until the dog is about two years old.Life Expectancy
About 8-10 years.Grooming
Both types of coats are easy to groom. Comb and brush with a firm bristle brush, and bathe only when necessary. Shampoo may strip the coat of its oily, water-resistant properties, so use a mild soap. The eyes, which may be inclined to water, need special attention to keep them clean and free of irritants. This breed sheds twice a year.Origin
This is a very ancient breed. It was founded in AD 980 by St Bernard de Menthon as a refuge for travelers through the perilous Alpine pass between Switzerland and Italy. It is descended from the Tibetan mastiff and therefore must have originated with the mastiff brought to the Alps by the Romans around the year 1000. The monks probably crossed the ancient mastiff with the Great Dane and the Great Pyrenees. Its use and popularity as a rescue dog began in the middle of the seventeenth century. The Saint Bernard was used as an avalanche and rescue dog in the snowy passes near the Hospice. More then 2,000 people have been saved by this amazing servant of mankind. The dogs search out and find the lost or injured traveler, and then lick him and lie next to him to give him warmth. Then one dog from the party heads back to the Hospice to get a full rescue team. The Saint Bernard's sense of smell is so excellent that he can find a person even under many feet of snow. This breed is also known for his ability to foretell storms and avalanches, perhaps because he may hear very low frequency sounds that are beyond our ability to hear. There are two varieties: short-haired and long-haired. The short-haired variety is more often used for mountain work because he can tolerate cold temperatures. The long-haired variety's coat tends to collect icicles. Some of the Saint Bernard's talents are search & rescue, watchdogging and carting.Group
Mastiff, AKC WorkingRecognition
CKC, FCI, AKC, UKC, KCGB, CKC, ANKC, NKC, NZKC, APRI发音
圣徒伯拿描述
圣徒伯拿是一只非常大的，强壮的，和强壮的狗,藉由一个有力的头。像重量一样长在和高度的比例方面停留,比较高人狗更多珍视。 有二类型的外套:使, 粗糙而且光滑, 但是两者都非常密集并且以鞣制革，红色，桃花心木， brindle 和黑色的印记受到在白色中的影响 -在各种不同的组合中。 脸和耳朵通常一起遮蔽黑色的而且表达是聪明的和温和的。 在粗糙外面复盖的狗中，头发些微比较长，而且那里正在大腿和腿上用羽毛复盖。 脚对强壮的好- 弓形的足趾感到大,使圣徒伯拿的确信-在雪和冰脚。 他们有一个高度地发展的嗅觉以及似乎有来自暴风雨和 avalanches 的关于逼迫的危险一个第六个感觉。气质
他们对孩子是极端温和和友好的和非常宽容的。圣徒伯拿是慢感人，忍耐的，和服从的。 极端忠诚,这一个品种想要请。 因为这一只狗是如此庞大,确定在和其他的人一个年轻的年龄把它社会化得很好。 资讯科技是高度聪明和容易训练,然而教育应该开始得早而狗仍然是易办的大小。如果它将在一条栓狗颈之皮带上的公众区域中被练习，在一只这大小的难控制狗为甚至一个强壮的成人呈现一个问题的思想中忍受, 因此轮流来自攻击的控制。 圣徒伯拿是好监视者。 甚至它的大小是好遏阻力。 在他们喝或吃之后，他们流口水。
高度,重量
高度: 25.5-27.5 寸 (61-70 cm.)
重量: 110-200 磅 (50-91 公斤)健康问题
良好健康但是一些倾向于 " 晃晃摇摇的人 " 并发症状, 心问题, 剥皮问题，臀部 dysplasia 和 extropion- 一折叠的向外眼皮边, 通常在较低的盖子上。 反常的胃应该被留意。 如这些狗倾向于使,膨胀喂他们二或三小的一餐一天代替大的一餐是最好的。住情况
如果它充份地被练习，圣徒伯拿将会在一楝公寓中好做。 他们相对地是不活动的在户内，而且小的码是充份的。 他们能居住在户外, 但是会更加宁可和他们的家庭在一起。 他们为热的天气，温暖的房间和汽车有低的宽容。练习
一次长的散步每天将会使圣徒伯拿保持在好的状况。 小狗以次应该没有太多练习，直到他们的骨头很好地被形成并且强壮的。短走而且作摘要 游戏会议最好直到狗是有关二岁。平均寿命
大约 8-10 年。喂马
两者类型的外套是容易喂马。以坚定的刚毛刷子梳头发而且刷, 而且沭浴只有当必需的时候。 洗发精可能脱衣它的多油又防水的特性外套, 因此使用一块温和的肥皂。眼睛, 可能想浇水, 需要特别的注意使他们保持干净的和免于刺激物。 这一个品种一年两次流出。起源
这是非常远古的品种。 资讯科技在西元 980 被圣伯拿发现了 经过在瑞士和意大利之间的危险高山的途径为旅客的如一处避难所的 de Menthon。 资讯科技从西藏的獒犬被降并且因此一定曾经和被罗马人 1000 年左右带来到阿尔卑斯山脉的獒犬开始过。 修道士或许和伟大的丹麦人和很棒的庇里牛斯山脉越过了远古的獒犬。 如一只援救狗的它使用和名声在十七的世纪中开始。 圣徒伯拿被当作雪崩和援救在收容所附近的多雪途径的狗使用。 更然后 2,000个人已经被这个人类的令人惊异仆人解救。狗搜寻出并且找失去的或受伤的旅客, 然后紧邻他舔他而且躺着给他温暖。 然后来自党的一只狗返回收容所拿队给完全的援救。圣徒伯拿的嗅觉是如此的优良以致于他能在许多脚的雪之下甚至找一个人。这一个品种也被以他的能力闻名预言暴风雨和 avalanches, 也许因为他可能听到非常低的频率听那是超过我们的能力听到。 有二个多样性:短-头发而且渴望-头发。 因为他能宽容寒冷的温度，所以短头发的多样性更时常作为山工作。 长者-头发外套容易收集垂冰的多样性。 一些圣徒伯拿的人才是搜寻&援救,监视者和驾运货马车。团体
獒犬, 工作的 AKC承认
CKC ， FCI ， AKC ， UKC ， KCGB ， CKC ， ANKC ， NKC ， NZKC,APRI
fzx2008 2005-7-6 23:02
老大，我不懂英语的，A B C 都只认识一般半啊，不要发这么深噢的东东好不好啊
fealtywang 2005-7-7 16:05
那個翻譯過來的也有問題,很多地方看不懂! [s:35]
